Národní úložiště šedé literatury Nalezeno 10 záznamů.  Hledání trvalo 0.00 vteřin. 
Electrode coating by chemical mediator: The atomic force microscopy study of surface nanomorphology
Mansfeldová, Věra ; Janda, Pavel ; Tarábková, Hana
Among many different kinds of electrode surface modification procedures, the surface coating by vaporized mediator solution is still as a simple and effective method for preparation of sensing electrode. Surface of glassy carbon (GC) is often used as a supporting collector, but it requires polishing, rinsing and sonication prior to mediator deposition. In this paper, we present common methods of modification of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and GC surface, respectively, from the point of surface nanomorphology investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM).
Elektrochemické vlastnosti tjiolové monovrstvy na povrchu různých elektrod
Josypčuk, Bohdan ; Mareček, Vladimír
Jako podložka pro vytvoření monovrstvy thiolu se tradičně používá rtuť, zlato či stříbro. Největší výhodou rtuti je její ideálně rovný povrch, který zajišťuje získání monovrstvy prakticky neobsahující žádné defekty. Pevné amalgámy různých kovů se dobře smáčí rtutí, a proto lze připravit elektrody pokryté meniskem (m-MeSAE) nebo filmem (MF-MeSAE, kde Me - Ag, Au, Cu, Bi, Cd aj.) nasyceného kapalného amalgámu příslušného kovu. Afinita těžkých kovů tvořících amalgám k síře je velká a za určitých podmínek lze navázat thiol na zvolený kov. Vzhledem k tomu, že vlastnosti monovrstvy jsou ovlivněny vazbou kov-síra, použití amalgámů různého složení vede k vytvoření monovrstvy thiolu, která je stabilní v definovaném rozsahu potenciálů. Elektrochemické studium vlastností thiolových monovrstev na elektrodách o různém složení bylo hlavním cílem této práce.
Transport of cadmium ions across model supported phospholipid membranes
Navrátil, Tomáš ; Šestáková, Ivana ; Mareček, Vladimír ; Štulík, Karel
These results report on experiments focussed on the formation of supported model phospholipid membranes, formed from phosphatidyl choline in the micrometric pores of hydrophilic polycarbonate supports, their chatacterization using voltammetry and electrochemical impendance spectrometry (EIS). Attention was paid transport of heavy metal ions (ions of cadmium, etc.) across these membranes in the presence or absence of ionophores (valinomysing and calciomycin) or in the presence of oxalic acid. The impact of some parameters on these systems and processes was investigated.
Development of the scope of polarography with time (review)
Heyrovský, Michael
The classical definition of polarography was "electrolysis with dropping mercury electrode (DME)". This definition characterized originally d.c. voltage-controlled method containing theoretical equations of different currents obtained with DME as well as its practical applications in analysis and in general science. Gradually, next to dropping electrode other types of mercury electrodes were used, as streaming and hanging drop. Development of the instrumental side of polarography introduced also methods of current-controlled electrolysis and beside pure mercury also amalgam electrodes. Nowadays polarography can be best characterized as physico-chemical branch of science ceveloped from simplke electrolysis with dropping mercury electrode.
Proton transfer across a liquid/liquid interface facilitated by phospholipid interfacial films
Holub, Karel ; Jänchenová, Hana ; Štulík, Karel ; Mareček, Vladimír
The five-step mechanism proposed earlier for the formation of phospholipid films at aqueous/organic interfaces and for their behavior involving transfer of protons from the aqueous to the organic phase was further studied by cyclic voltammetry. A theoretical model was created for this mechanism and compared with the experimental results. Both the experimental and theoretical results support the proposed mechanism and evaluate the importance of the individual steps. It seems that the decisive step is the regenration of the zwitterionic form of the phospholipid at the interface, ensuring stability of the film in time and its continuous functioning.
A study of calixarene self-assembled monolayers on gold metal surfaces
Šustrová, Barbora ; Mareček, Vladimír ; Štulík, Karel
Substituted calix[4]arene molecules were self-assembled on the gold disk electrode surface and the structure of the monolayer formed and the electrochemical behavior of the modified electrode were studied. The formation of the calixarene self-assembled monolayer (SAM) conformed to a Langmuir-type adsorption isotherm, The atomic force microscopy measurement results indicated that the calixarene molecules form a stable monolayer on the Au(111) surface and confirmed the cyclic voltammetry results concerning the SAM structure dependence on the solvent used. Impedance measurements demonstrate that the capacity of the modified electrode varies in the presence of ions, depending on their size and shape.
Elektrochemie halogenovaných benzonitrilů
Sokolová, Romana ; Pospíšil, Lubomír ; Hromadová, Magdaléna ; Ludvík, Jiří
V zemědělství je běžně používáno několik stovek pesticidů. Zjištění způsobu degradace pesticidů a charakterizace jejich degradačních produktů je významný celosvětový problém. Při biologické aktivitě některých pesticidů hrají podstatnou úlohu reakce přenosu elektronu. Ioxynil (3,5-diido-4-hydroxy-benzonitril), bromoxynil (3,5-dibromo-4-hyodoxy-benzonitril) a chloroxynil (3,5-dichloro-4-hrydoxy-benzonitril) jsou široce používané herbicidy, které patří do skupiny herbicidů, jejichž účinek spočívá v inhibici elektronového přenosu ve Fotosystému II zelených rostlin. Pomocí GC-MS identifikace produktů po úplné elektrolýze při konstantním potenciálu a analýzou cyklických coltamogramů bez a za přítomnosti halogenidů v roztoku bylo prokázáno, že při redukci těchto látek dochází k rozštěpení vazby C-halogen.
On the Mechanism of Electrochemical Reduction of Dodecylpyridinium Bromide in Aprotic Media. An Impedance Study
Hromadová, Magdaléna ; Kolivoška, Viliam ; Pospíšil, Lubomír
Reduction mechanism of n-dodecylpyridinium bromide (DPBr) in dimethylsulfoxide has been studied. Based on the classical polarographis methods as well as on the use of AC voltammetry and impendance spectroscopy techniques it was shown that DPBr is reduced in a reversible one electron transfer step followed by the dimerization of the corresponding radical species.
Electrochemistry of selected radiosenzitizer-etanidazole
Gál, Miroslav ; Híveš, J. ; Sokolová, Romana ; Hromadová, Magdaléna ; Kocábová, Jana ; Kolivoška, Viliam ; Pospíšil, Lubomír
The first electron transfer to radiosensitizer etanidazole (ETN) and ETN radical anion formation in buffered aqueous media was studied by means of voltammetric techniques and Electrochemical Impendance Spectroscopy (EIS). The heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant for the first reduction of ETN (radical anion production) k0 for the redox couple and so called E1,7 potential were calculated. The obtained values of k0 and E1,7 potential indicate that ETN compared to some other possible chemical radiosensitizers requires lower energy to accept the first electron during metabolic pathway.
Fullerene C60 in Aqueous Medium
Kocábová, Jana ; Gál, Miroslav ; Hromadová, Magdaléna ; Kavan, Ladislav ; Pospíšil, Lubomír ; Sokolová, Romana
The aqueous solution of C60 was investigated by electrochemical and spectroscopis methods such as UV-Vis, Raman, FTIR and AFM techniques. The association constants of fullerene-gamma-cyclodextrin complex and ,ethanofullerene conjugates with beta-cyclodextrins in aqueous solution were evaluated from the shifts of the formal redox potential of complexed and uncomplexed fullerene. The most suitable techniques for electrochemical characterization of fullerene derivatives proved to be the low-frequency phase-sensitive AC polarography and the steady-state voltammetry.

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